Beta 0.1 – First Linux CLI/backend release

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# Build outputs
*.o
mwcli
mw_controller_example
# Logs and captures
*.csv
*.log
# Editors / OS
*~
.DS_Store

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# MightyWatt Linux CLI Help
This document matches the current backend/CLI tree in this repository.
## Scope
Current features:
- serial communication with MightyWatt hardware
- reusable C backend (`libmightywatt_core` style project layout)
- CLI control and monitoring
- CSV logging
- JSON-driven sequence runner
- loops in the sequence engine
- mandatory `abort_sequence` for safe shutdown / cleanup
Current sequence format:
- **JSON only**
- YAML is **not** supported in the current C implementation
---
## General usage
```bash
mwcli -d /dev/ttyACM0 [global options] <command> [command args]
```
Example:
```bash
./mwcli -d /dev/ttyACM0 caps
```
---
## Global options
These options go before the command.
### `-d, --device PATH`
Serial device path.
Example:
```bash
./mwcli -d /dev/ttyACM0 caps
```
### `-s, --settle-ms N`
Delay after opening the serial port, in milliseconds.
Default:
```text
2200
```
Use this because Arduino-class boards often reset when the port is opened.
Example:
```bash
./mwcli -d /dev/ttyACM0 -s 2500 caps
```
### `-i, --interval-ms N`
Polling interval in milliseconds.
Used by:
- `monitor`
- `hold`
Default:
```text
500
```
### `-c, --count N`
Number of samples.
Used by:
- `monitor`
- `hold`
If omitted, the stream continues until interrupted with `Ctrl+C`.
### `--sample-period-ms N`
Override `sample_period_ms` from the JSON sequence file.
Used by:
- `run-sequence`
### `--csv PATH`
Write measurement samples to a CSV file.
Works with:
- `report`
- `monitor`
- `hold`
- `load-on`
- `load-off`
- `safe`
- `remote`
- `set-*`
- `run-sequence`
### `-j, --json`
Print JSON to stdout instead of plain text.
Useful for:
- scripts
- wrappers
- future GUI integration
Current behaviour:
- one-shot commands print one JSON object
- `monitor` and `hold` print JSON lines
- `run-sequence` prints one summary object at the end
### `-h, --help`
Show built-in CLI help.
---
# Commands
## `idn`
Query the device identity string.
## `caps`
Read device capabilities.
Typical fields:
- firmware version
- board revision
- max current DAC / ADC
- max voltage DAC / ADC
- max power
- DVM input resistance
- temperature threshold
## `report`
Read one measurement report.
Returns:
- current
- voltage
- power
- temperature
- remote state
- status
## `monitor`
Continuously poll and print measurements.
Examples:
```bash
./mwcli -d /dev/ttyACM0 monitor
./mwcli -d /dev/ttyACM0 -i 500 -c 20 monitor
./mwcli -d /dev/ttyACM0 -j monitor
```
## `set-current <amps>`
Stage/set current target.
## `set-voltage <volts>`
Stage/set voltage target.
## `set-power <watts>`
Stage/set power target.
## `set-resistance <ohms>`
Stage/set resistance target.
## `set-vinv <volts>`
Stage/set inverted-voltage target.
This is a firmware-supported special mode.
## `hold <mode> <value>`
Enable and keep a target alive by polling continuously.
This is the right command for real bench work because the MightyWatt watchdog requires regular host traffic.
Modes:
- `current`
- `voltage`
- `power`
- `resistance`
- `vinv`
Aliases accepted:
- `CC`
- `CV`
- `CP`
- `CR`
Examples:
```bash
./mwcli -d /dev/ttyACM0 hold current 0.250
./mwcli -d /dev/ttyACM0 -i 500 -c 10 hold power 1.000
./mwcli -d /dev/ttyACM0 -j hold resistance 20.000
```
## `load-on <mode> <value>`
Apply a target once and return one report.
Important:
- this is a one-shot command
- the hardware may fall back after ~12 seconds if no more host traffic follows
- for sustained load use `hold`
## `load-off`
Turn the load off.
Current implementation:
- host-side load-off via zero-current target
- the MightyWatt protocol has no dedicated hardware output-enable bit
## `safe`
Go to safe state.
Current implementation:
- load off
- remote sense off
## `remote on|off`
Enable or disable remote sense.
## `get-series`
Read configured series resistance.
Output unit:
- ohms
## `set-series <ohms>`
Set series resistance.
## `run-sequence <sequence.json>`
Run a JSON sequence file.
Examples:
```bash
./mwcli -d /dev/ttyACM0 run-sequence profile.json
./mwcli -d /dev/ttyACM0 --csv run.csv run-sequence profile.json
./mwcli -d /dev/ttyACM0 --sample-period-ms 200 run-sequence profile.json
```
---
# CSV logging
When `--csv <file>` is used, the logger writes:
- `timestamp_utc`
- `elapsed_s`
- `context`
- `step_index`
- `current_a`
- `voltage_v`
- `power_w`
- `temperature_c`
- `remote`
- `status_bits`
- `status_text`
Example:
```bash
./mwcli -d /dev/ttyACM0 --csv monitor.csv -c 20 monitor
```
---
# JSON sequence format
## Top-level structure
A sequence file is a JSON object with these top-level keys:
```json
{
"name": "example_name",
"sample_period_ms": 500,
"safety": {
"max_voltage": 30.0,
"max_current": 2.0,
"max_power": 20.0,
"abort_on_disconnect": true
},
"steps": [
...
],
"abort_sequence": [
{ "action": "safe" }
]
}
```
Important:
- `steps` is required and must be non-empty
- `abort_sequence` is required and must be non-empty
- `abort_sequence` runs at the normal end of the main sequence and also after runtime abort/error paths whenever possible
## Top-level fields
### `name`
Optional string.
### `sample_period_ms`
Optional number.
Default:
```text
500
```
Purpose:
- polling interval during `hold`, `hold_until`, loops, ramps, and CSV logging
### `safety`
Optional object.
Supported fields:
- `max_voltage` in volts
- `max_current` in amps
- `max_power` in watts
- `abort_on_disconnect` boolean
Practical note:
- the current engine attempts the `abort_sequence` on runtime failures in general
- `abort_on_disconnect` is kept in the profile format for future separation of policies, but is not yet handled as a dedicated branch different from other runtime failures
### `steps`
Required array.
### `abort_sequence`
Required array.
Typical safe form:
```json
"abort_sequence": [
{ "action": "safe" }
]
```
---
# Supported actions
## `set_mode`
Stage the operating mode.
```json
{ "action": "set_mode", "mode": "CC" }
```
Accepted `mode` values:
- `CC` / `current`
- `CV` / `voltage`
- `CP` / `power`
- `CR` / `resistance`
- `CVINV` / `vinv` / `voltage_inverted`
## `set_current`
```json
{ "action": "set_current", "value": 0.20 }
```
Unit: amps.
## `set_voltage`
```json
{ "action": "set_voltage", "value": 4.80 }
```
Unit: volts.
## `set_power`
```json
{ "action": "set_power", "value": 2.00 }
```
Unit: watts.
## `set_resistance`
```json
{ "action": "set_resistance", "value": 10.0 }
```
Unit: ohms.
## `set_vinv`
```json
{ "action": "set_vinv", "value": 4.50 }
```
Unit: volts.
## `output`
Enable or disable the staged output.
```json
{ "action": "output", "enabled": true }
```
or
```json
{ "action": "output", "enabled": false }
```
## `hold`
Keep the current staged/active target alive for a duration.
```json
{ "action": "hold", "duration_s": 30 }
```
## `hold_until`
Keep polling until a condition becomes true or timeout is reached.
```json
{
"action": "hold_until",
"timeout_s": 300,
"condition": {
"type": "voltage_below",
"value": 3.00
}
}
```
## `ramp_current`
```json
{
"action": "ramp_current",
"start": 0.20,
"stop": 1.00,
"step": 0.10,
"dwell_s": 20
}
```
## `ramp_voltage`
```json
{
"action": "ramp_voltage",
"start": 4.0,
"stop": 5.0,
"step": 0.1,
"dwell_s": 10
}
```
## `ramp_power`
```json
{
"action": "ramp_power",
"start": 0.5,
"stop": 5.0,
"step": 0.5,
"dwell_s": 15
}
```
## `ramp_resistance`
```json
{
"action": "ramp_resistance",
"start": 100.0,
"stop": 10.0,
"step": 10.0,
"dwell_s": 5
}
```
## `ramp_vinv`
```json
{
"action": "ramp_vinv",
"start": 4.8,
"stop": 4.0,
"step": 0.1,
"dwell_s": 10
}
```
## `repeat`
Run a nested block a fixed number of times.
```json
{
"action": "repeat",
"times": 5,
"steps": [
{ "action": "set_current", "value": 0.20 },
{ "action": "output", "enabled": true },
{ "action": "hold", "duration_s": 10 },
{ "action": "output", "enabled": false },
{ "action": "hold", "duration_s": 5 }
]
}
```
## `repeat_until`
Run a nested block until a condition becomes true.
```json
{
"action": "repeat_until",
"timeout_s": 1800,
"condition": { "type": "voltage_below", "value": 3.20 },
"steps": [ ... ]
}
```
Notes:
- the block runs at least once
- `timeout_s` is optional
- if omitted or `0`, the loop is unlimited
## `repeat_while`
Run a nested block while a condition remains true.
```json
{
"action": "repeat_while",
"timeout_s": 7200,
"condition": { "type": "temperature_above", "value": 20.0 },
"steps": [ ... ]
}
```
Notes:
- the condition is checked before each iteration
- `timeout_s` is optional
- if omitted or `0`, the loop is unlimited
## `safe`
Immediate safe-state action.
```json
{ "action": "safe" }
```
## `remote`
Set remote sense on or off.
```json
{ "action": "remote", "enabled": true }
```
---
# Conditions
Supported condition types:
- `voltage_below`
- `voltage_above`
- `current_below`
- `current_above`
- `power_below`
- `power_above`
- `temperature_above`
Units:
- voltage conditions: volts
- current conditions: amps
- power conditions: watts
- temperature condition: °C
---
# `break_if`
Any step can carry an optional `break_if` object.
Format:
```json
"break_if": {
"type": "temperature_above",
"value": 45.0
}
```
Behaviour:
- `break_if` is checked whenever a report is read during that step
- on block steps like `repeat`, `repeat_until`, or `repeat_while`, the `break_if` stays active for the whole nested block
- if `break_if` becomes true, the main sequence stops and the mandatory `abort_sequence` starts
Typical use:
- thermal guard during long tests
- abort if measured voltage/current/power crosses a forbidden threshold
---
# Sequence execution model
Recommended staging pattern:
1. `set_mode`
2. `set_current` / `set_voltage` / `set_power` / `set_resistance` / `set_vinv`
3. `output true`
4. `hold`, `hold_until`, `ramp_*`, or loop block
5. `output false` or rely on `abort_sequence`
Important:
- the MightyWatt watchdog requires regular host traffic
- `hold`, `hold_until`, ramps, and loop checks all provide that traffic
- a plain one-shot `output true` step with no later polling logic is not suitable for long unattended operation
---
# Example sequence with loop and safe abort
```json
{
"name": "repeat_until_cutoff",
"sample_period_ms": 1000,
"safety": {
"max_voltage": 5.0,
"max_current": 0.6,
"max_power": 3.0,
"abort_on_disconnect": true
},
"steps": [
{ "action": "set_mode", "mode": "CC" },
{
"action": "repeat_until",
"timeout_s": 14400,
"condition": { "type": "voltage_below", "value": 3.20 },
"break_if": { "type": "temperature_above", "value": 45.0 },
"steps": [
{ "action": "set_current", "value": 0.30 },
{ "action": "output", "enabled": true },
{ "action": "hold", "duration_s": 60 },
{ "action": "output", "enabled": false },
{ "action": "hold", "duration_s": 10 }
]
}
],
"abort_sequence": [
{ "action": "safe" }
]
}
```
Run it with:
```bash
./mwcli -d /dev/ttyACM0 --csv run.csv run-sequence repeat_until_cutoff.json
```
---
# Practical notes
- Use `hold` or `run-sequence` for anything longer than a quick manual check.
- Use `--csv` whenever the data matters.
- Keep `abort_sequence` simple and safe.
- Start with conservative limits.
- `set-vinv` / `ramp_vinv` are advanced functions.
- Loop timing in practice is affected by serial round-trip time and sample period; do not expect hard real-time behaviour.
## CSV raw mode
Use `--csv-raw` together with `--csv <file>` to write elapsed time in **ms** and electrical values in **mA / mV / mW**. This is useful for spreadsheet tools that handle decimal separators poorly.

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CC ?= gcc
CFLAGS ?= -O2 -Wall -Wextra -Wpedantic -std=c11
CPPFLAGS ?= -D_POSIX_C_SOURCE=200809L -Iinclude
THREAD_FLAGS ?= -pthread
LDFLAGS ?=
OBJ = src/mightywatt.o src/mightywatt_app.o src/mightywatt_controller.o src/mightywatt_log.o src/mightywatt_sequence.o src/mwcli.o
BIN = mwcli
EXAMPLE_BIN = mw_controller_example
all: $(BIN) $(EXAMPLE_BIN)
$(BIN): $(OBJ)
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(THREAD_FLAGS) $(OBJ) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
$(EXAMPLE_BIN): src/mightywatt.o src/mightywatt_app.o src/mightywatt_controller.o examples/mw_controller_example.o
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(THREAD_FLAGS) $^ -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
src/%.o: src/%.c include/*.h
$(CC) $(CPPFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $(THREAD_FLAGS) -c $< -o $@
examples/%.o: examples/%.c include/*.h
$(CC) $(CPPFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $(THREAD_FLAGS) -c $< -o $@
clean:
rm -f $(OBJ) examples/*.o $(BIN) $(EXAMPLE_BIN)
.PHONY: all clean

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# NOTICE / Attribution
## This project
**0005-DenryokuBancho / 電力番長 (Denryoku Banchō)** is a Linux-native CLI fork built to control and automate MightyWatt hardware from Linux.
Its focus is:
- headless operation
- automation pipelines
- CSV logging
- JSON-driven test sequences
- lean deployment on SBC hardware
## Upstream project and credit
This work is based on the original **MightyWatt** project by **Jakub Polonský** (`kaktus85`).
Jakub created the original MightyWatt hardware design and the original software resources, including the Arduino sketches and Windows control program.
Original upstream repository:
- https://github.com/kaktus85/MightyWatt
## Thanks
Many thanks to **Jakub Polonský / `kaktus85`** for designing and publishing the original MightyWatt hardware and software.
This Linux-native fork exists because the original project is good enough to deserve a practical Linux control and automation path.
## License note
This repository is prepared under the **GNU GPL v3**.
Please review the original upstream repository for the exact licensing structure of the original MightyWatt project contents.

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# 0005-DenryokuBancho # 0005-DenryokuBancho / 電力番長 (Denryoku Banchō)
電力番長 (Denryoku Banchō) is a Linux-native CLI fork of the MightyWatt electronic load project by Jakub Polonský (kaktus85). Focused on headless operation, automation pipelines, CSV logging, and JSON-driven test sequences built to run lean on SBC hardware. 電力番長 (Denryoku Banchō) is a Linux-native CLI fork of the MightyWatt electronic load project by Jakub Polonský (`kaktus85`). It is focused on headless operation, automation pipelines, CSV logging, and JSON-driven test sequences, built to run lean on SBC hardware.
This repository is intentionally backend-first. The goal is to provide a practical Linux control and automation path for MightyWatt hardware before building a GTK frontend on top of it.
---
## Attribution and upstream
This project builds on the original **MightyWatt** work by **Jakub Polonský** (`kaktus85`) back in 2014 to 2017. I own on MightyWatt since 2016.
Jakub designed the MightyWatt hardware and created the original Arduino firmware and Windows control program. Many thanks to him for publishing such a useful open hardware / software project.
Original upstream project:
- [GitHub - MightyWatt](https://github.com/kaktus85/MightyWatt)
- [KaktusCircuits Blog Entry](https://kaktuscircuits.blogspot.com/2014/02/mightywatt-arduino-electronic-load.html)
- [Archive.Org - Blog Entry](https://web.archive.org/web/20260101000000*/https://kaktuscircuits.blogspot.com/2014/02/mightywatt-arduino-electronic-load.html)
Please also see:
- `NOTICE.md`
- `LICENSE`
---
## Current release status
### Beta 0.1 - Scope:
This beta provides a usable Linux-native backend and CLI for real MightyWatt hardware, with emphasis on:
- serial communication from Linux
- headless bench operation
- watchdog-safe sustained load control
- CSV logging
- raw CSV export for spreadsheet workflows
- JSON-driven automated test sequences
- loop-based sequence execution for repeated test patterns
### Already validated on real my real hardware
- device identification and capability query
- measurement readout
- manual CLI control
- watchdog-safe `hold` operation
- CSV logging
- sequence execution on real hardware
- raw CSV export mode
### Implemented but still beta-level
- `repeat`
- `repeat_until`
- `repeat_while`
- inherited `break_if`
- mandatory `abort_sequence`
- nested sequence blocks
- controller/backend layering for later GUI reuse
The backend is useful now, but the sequence engine should still be treated as bench-validated step by step, not as a finished production automation framework.
### Deliberately not the focus of this release
- GTK4 frontend
- persistent settings store
- profile editor GUI
- plotting GUI
---
## Repository layout
```text
include/
mightywatt.h
mightywatt_app.h
mightywatt_controller.h
mightywatt_log.h
mightywatt_sequence.h
src/
mightywatt.c low-level protocol + serial transport
mightywatt_app.c synchronous backend layer
mightywatt_controller.c long-running controller/polling layer
mightywatt_log.c CSV logger
mightywatt_sequence.c JSON sequence engine
mwcli.c CLI frontend
examples/
*.json sequence examples
mw_controller_example.c controller example
```
### Layering
- `mightywatt.c` = raw device communication
- `mightywatt_app.c` = safe synchronous operations
- `mightywatt_controller.c` = GUI-ready async/controller layer
- `mightywatt_sequence.c` = reusable sequence engine on top of the backend
- `mwcli.c` = thin user-facing CLI
This keeps a future GTK frontend from reimplementing protocol or automation logic.
---
## Build
Requirements:
- Linux
- GCC or Clang
- POSIX serial/thread support
- no external runtime dependencies for the current CLI/backend build
Build:
```bash
make
```
This builds:
- `mwcli`
- `mw_controller_example`
---
## Typical CLI usage
Read capabilities:
```bash
./mwcli -d /dev/ttyACM0 caps
```
Read one measurement:
```bash
./mwcli -d /dev/ttyACM0 report
```
Hold a constant current safely against the watchdog:
```bash
./mwcli -d /dev/ttyACM0 hold current 0.250 --interval-ms 500
```
Run a sequence and log CSV:
```bash
./mwcli -d /dev/ttyACM0 --csv run.csv run-sequence examples/quick_cc_test.json
```
Run a sequence with raw CSV output for spreadsheet import:
```bash
./mwcli -d /dev/ttyACM0 --csv run_raw.csv --csv-raw run-sequence examples/repeat_until_cutoff.json
```
---
## Sequence engine overview
Current sequence engine features:
- linear step execution
- `hold`
- `hold_until`
- ramps
- `repeat`
- `repeat_until`
- `repeat_while`
- per-step and per-block `break_if`
- mandatory `abort_sequence`
- CSV logging during polling/report events
The format is **JSON only** in the current implementation.
See:
- `HELP.md`
- `sequence_examples.md`
- `examples/*.json`
---
## Safety model
There are three layers of protection:
1. **Sequence safety limits**
- max voltage
- max current
- max power
2. **`break_if` conditions**
- especially useful for thermal guard behaviour
- also usable for voltage/current/power-based aborts
3. **Mandatory `abort_sequence`**
- runs at the normal end of a sequence
- also runs after runtime abort paths whenever possible
- should usually contain at least:
```json
"abort_sequence": [
{ "action": "safe" }
]
```
Practical note:
- if the serial/device link is already gone, the backend will still attempt the abort sequence, but that can of course fail physically
---
## Documentation files
- `HELP.md` — CLI help and full JSON format reference
- `sequence_examples.md` — practical example overview
- `examples/*.json` — ready-to-edit starting profiles
- `NOTICE.md` — attribution and upstream note
---
## Known limitations
- no YAML parser yet
- no `validate-sequence` or dry-run command yet
- no explicit boolean condition combiner (`AND` / `OR`) yet
- no profile include/import system
- no persistence layer for CLI settings
- no active GUI in this beta release
- loop timing is not hard real-time; it depends on polling interval and serial turnaround
Also important:
- `sample_period_ms` is the visible/logging interval, not the low-level keepalive interval
- loop-heavy profiles should still be validated carefully on the bench before trusting them unattended
---
## License
This repository is released under the [**GNU GPL v3**](https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html).
The original upstream MightyWatt repository contains its own license files for its original contents. Review the upstream repository for the exact license structure of the original project components.

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0.1-beta

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# Sequence examples
These profiles are intended as practical starting points for bench work with the current MightyWatt Linux backend.
Important:
- all examples use the current **JSON** format
- all examples include the now mandatory `abort_sequence`
- the values are intentionally conservative and should be adjusted to your real DUT and PSU
- these are **bench-ready templates**, not guaranteed universal production recipes
---
## 1. Quick constant-current sanity check
File:
- `examples/quick_cc_test.json`
Purpose:
- first proof that the backend, hardware, PSU, and measurement gear agree
- low-risk stepped current check
Highlights:
- simple linear flow
- ends with `safe`
Run:
```bash
./mwcli -d /dev/ttyACM0 --csv quick_cc.csv run-sequence examples/quick_cc_test.json
```
---
## 2. CC sweep with thermal break guard
File:
- `examples/cc_step_sweep.json`
Purpose:
- step/ramp current upward
- stop early if temperature climbs above a chosen limit
Highlights:
- `ramp_current`
- `break_if` for temperature
Run:
```bash
./mwcli -d /dev/ttyACM0 --csv cc_sweep.csv run-sequence examples/cc_step_sweep.json
```
---
## 3. Fixed-count pulse loop
File:
- `examples/repeat_n_pulse_test.json`
Purpose:
- repeat a pulse/rest pattern a defined number of times
- useful for basic cyclic load testing
Highlights:
- `repeat`
- nested `steps`
- loop-level `break_if`
Run:
```bash
./mwcli -d /dev/ttyACM0 --csv pulse_loop.csv run-sequence examples/repeat_n_pulse_test.json
```
---
## 4. Repeat until voltage cutoff
File:
- `examples/repeat_until_cutoff.json`
Purpose:
- run repeated load/rest blocks until the measured voltage falls below a threshold
- suitable for simple discharge-style tests
Highlights:
- `repeat_until`
- timeout protection
- temperature `break_if`
Run:
```bash
./mwcli -d /dev/ttyACM0 --csv until_cutoff.csv run-sequence examples/repeat_until_cutoff.json
```
---
## 5. Battery discharge cutoff profile
File:
- `examples/battery_discharge_cutoff.json`
Purpose:
- continuous constant-current discharge until undervoltage cutoff
Highlights:
- `hold_until`
- simple thermal guard
Run:
```bash
./mwcli -d /dev/ttyACM0 --csv discharge.csv run-sequence examples/battery_discharge_cutoff.json
```
---
## 6. While-loop burn-in style template
File:
- `examples/repeat_while_burn_in.json`
Purpose:
- show the new `repeat_while` block
- keep cycling while a condition remains true
Highlights:
- `repeat_while`
- optional timeout
- loop-level `break_if`
Run:
```bash
./mwcli -d /dev/ttyACM0 --csv burnin.csv run-sequence examples/repeat_while_burn_in.json
```
---
## Notes on choosing a template
Use this rough rule:
- short manual comparison against PSU/DMM -> `quick_cc_test.json`
- stepped current sweep -> `cc_step_sweep.json`
- cyclic pulse/load-rest pattern -> `repeat_n_pulse_test.json`
- stop when voltage drops below cutoff -> `repeat_until_cutoff.json` or `battery_discharge_cutoff.json`
- experimental loop based on a live condition -> `repeat_while_burn_in.json`
---
## Safety note
For unattended or long tests:
- keep the `abort_sequence` simple
- keep thermal `break_if` conservative
- always validate the profile with a short low-power run first
## CSV raw mode
Use `--csv-raw` together with `--csv <file>` to write elapsed time in **ms** and electrical values in **mA / mV / mW**. This is useful for spreadsheet tools that handle decimal separators poorly.