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3 Commits
| Author | SHA1 | Date | |
|---|---|---|---|
| c396dbf3f6 | |||
| ebf338c97f | |||
| 46a2bec551 |
@ -1,103 +1,35 @@
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/*
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=============================================================================
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FireFly Morse Throwie
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- a light controled (LED as Sensor) morseblinker throwie with ATTiny45/85
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- a light controlled (LED as Sensor) morse blinker throwie with ATTiny85
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=============================================================================
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Project definitions, sources
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Version: 0.1 - Attiny85 Version
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Date : 25.05.2026
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Version: 0.3 - ATTiny85, 1 MHz, BOD fuse disabled
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gitea : https://gitea.togo-lab.io/tgohle/0001-FireFly
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Date : 2026-06-14
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Key changes Version 0.3:
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Inspired by Karl Lunt's FireFly project I wrote some code to make this
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Throwie lasting longer, blinking only at low light levels and morse also
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some text.
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- Removed unnecessary ADC enable/disable from loop()
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- Disabled ADC and analog comparator in setup()
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- Added INPUT_PULLUP for unused Arduino pins 0, 1, 2 will save power
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||||
- Added safer watchdog setup with interrupt protection to save run near brownout
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||||
- Added wdt_reset() before sleep for cleaner 8 s timing
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- Added lowercase-to-uppercase handling
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- Unsupported characters are now ignored without adding fake timing gaps
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Inspired by Karl Lunt's FireFly project:
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http://www.seanet.com/~karllunt/fireflyLED.html
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How it works (only the Morsethrowy part):
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LED detects light level, using bleeding out time of LED pn-capacitor.
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If dark enough blink a text in morsecode (ATTiny45 = 22 Chars, text will
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be defined in line 191/192 of this file)
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To save energy go to powersave mode after blinking or light level is
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over threshold. Tests this every 8s (maximum time for watchdog timer
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possible for ATTiny). Repeat this endless
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The wiring, it's very simple, see also HW part of the Project.
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+---+ +------\/------+
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| | ATTINY45 /85 |
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> | -+1=PB5 VCC=8+-> to SuperCap / DC-DC 3V/5V
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xxx Ohm < | | |
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> +------+2=PB3 PB2=7+-
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| | |
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----- +------+3=PB4 PB1=6+-
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LED / \ | | |
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----- | +--+4=GND PB0=5+-
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| | | | |
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+---+ | +--------------+
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|
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+---------------------> to battery GND
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You can use other pins if necessary, theoretical up to 3 LEDs, as example I
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tried out to connect another one at PB2&PB1. working fine. Basic wiring:
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+ LED_N_Side), wired to a digital pin, NOT Vcc
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|
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<
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> 100 - 460 ohm resistor depending Voltage
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<
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|
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|
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-----
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/ \ LED, maybe a 5mm, clear plastic is good
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-----
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|
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|
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+ LED_P_Side), wired to a digital pin, NOT Gnd
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Im just a newbe in ATTiny / Arduino programming, so many thanks to:
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Programming ATTiny with Arduino IDE:
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http://highlowtech.org/?p=1695
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LED Lightsensor, Arduino Playground:
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http://playground.arduino.cc/Learning/LEDSensor
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Powersaving Mode for Attiny45/85:
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A good description by Martin Nawrath nawrath@khm.de and the folks at
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http://www.insidegadgets.com/2011/02/05/reduce-attiny-power-consumption-by-sleeping-with-the-watchdog-timer/
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With this description I got ~5uA during sleep mode.
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in Morse-Mode with LED OFF: 1.7mA
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LED ON: 6.9mA
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--> I hope to run this throwies ~40days with one CR2032.
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Morsecode
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To translate a text into morsecode, there are several ways. You can use
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this fine online translator:
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http://morsecode.scphillips.com/jtranslator.html
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There is also a great morse coder / encoder from Matthias Esterl aka madc.
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Works fine for Arduino, but not for ATTiny because of RAM limitations. But
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maybe this is helpful if your project works with an Arduino.
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https://gist.github.com/madc/4474559
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For this project I use a simple case structur. Looks arkward, but the
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ATTiny45 has only 256byte RAM but 4kFlash. A data structure is better programming
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but needs a lot of RAM we not have. Therefore this ugly case structure.
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This will waste the flash memory but we have enough and saving RAM for
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our payload - the ASCII-string with the morsetext.
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BTW - Morsecode itself:
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Morse code reference:
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'A', ".-" 'B', "-..." 'C', "-.-."
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'D', "-.." 'E', "." 'F', "..-."
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'G', "--." 'H', "...." 'I', ".."
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'J', ".---" 'K', ".-.-" 'L', ".-.."
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'J', ".---" 'K', "-.-" 'L', ".-.."
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'M', "--" 'N', "-." 'O', "---"
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'P', ".--." 'Q', "--.-" 'R', ".-."
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'S', "..." 'T', "-" 'U', "..-"
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@ -114,25 +46,20 @@
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'(', "-.--." ')', "-.--.-" '"', ".-..-."
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'@', ".--.-." '&', ".-..."
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Legal stuff / Copyright:
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Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 3.0.:
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http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/legalcode
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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License_-_CC_BY-NC_4.0
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https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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*/
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// ===========================================================================
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// Ok folks, let's start
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// ===========================================================================
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// for sleep Mode / Powersave we need some additional stuff. Its alredy there,
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// if you installed the Attiny extension for Arduino IDE, no additional
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// installing needed.
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#include <avr/sleep.h>
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#include <avr/wdt.h>
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#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
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#include <avr/interrupt.h>
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#include <string.h>
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// ===========================================================================
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// Some definitions for powersave depending of ATTiny type.
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#ifndef cbi
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#define cbi(sfr, bit) (_SFR_BYTE(sfr) &= ~_BV(bit))
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#endif
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@ -140,405 +67,325 @@
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#define sbi(sfr, bit) (_SFR_BYTE(sfr) |= _BV(bit))
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#endif
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||||
// ===========================================================================
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// for ATTiny85
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// Unit length < 150 will hard to be read for optical morse code
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// > 300 are too slow in my feeling for longer text
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//
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// for ATTiny85 at 8MHz (for 1MHz see ATTiny45)
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// Unit length < 5 will hard to be read for optical morse code
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// > 10 are too slow in my feeling for longer text
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//
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//
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// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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// Timing: unit length in ms.
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// At 1 MHz, delay() is accurate when F_CPU=1000000L is set in boards.txt.
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// 100 ms gives readable optical Morse; raise to 150 ms if readability is poor.
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#define unitLength 100
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// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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// LED Pin definitions,
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// theoretical you can use up to 3 LED. For example you can use it for a
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// landmark beacon. So if you point this LEDs to different directions you can
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// detect the position in dependence of your location to the bacon.
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// Sleep interval.
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// Watchdog setup uses 8 s. For final use, change sleepCycles from 4 to 6
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// for about 32s - 48s between sensing/blinking activations. Goal ~ 1 blink/min
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||||
const uint8_t sleepCycles = 6;
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||||
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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||||
// LED pin definitions (N-side = cathode, P-side = anode for sensing/driving).
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||||
#define LED1_N_SIDE 3
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#define LED1_P_SIDE 4
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||||
// ===========================================================================
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||||
// Variables
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||||
// ===========================================================================
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||||
// ###########################################################################
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||||
// # and now the text, but be aware, only 256Byte RAM for Attiny45 #
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// # so there are only 22 Chars left for your message. #
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// # BTW with an Attiny85 you will have additional 256byte #
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||||
// # => more than for twitter :-) #
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// # => for FireFly with SuperCap: less ist better, charge last longer #
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||||
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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||||
// ATTiny85 Arduino pins 0, 1, 2 are unused in actual design and physically open.
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||||
// Keep them in INPUT_PULLUP so they do not float and waste current.
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||||
#define UNUSED_PIN_0 0
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#define UNUSED_PIN_1 1
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#define UNUSED_PIN_2 2
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||||
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||||
String morseText =
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||||
"TOGO LAB";
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||||
// # "....5....1....5....2.."; just a ruler, remember 22 Chars for ATTiny #
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||||
// IT IS USELESS
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// HAIL GLOW CLOUD
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// ###########################################################################
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||||
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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||||
// ATTiny85 has 512 bytes SRAM; this keeps the Morse text in flash.
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// Only uppercase letters, digits, spaces, and the special chars in the switch
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// below are emitted. Lowercase letters are converted to uppercase.
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// Test setup: 20 x "0" because 0 = "-----" gives maximum LED ON time for test.
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// shorter text will better, more text will cost more power.
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||||
const char morseText[] PROGMEM = "TGO 26";
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// Ruler: 0....0....1...1....2
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// Ruler: 0....5....0...5....0
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||||
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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||||
// Darkness threshold.
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// Higher value = triggers in brighter conditions.
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||||
// Best calibrated at actual dusk/dawn with the chosen LED type.
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const unsigned int darknessThreshold = 17000;
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||||
// Define light trigger threshold. best way to set it on dusk / dawn level
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// diffuse red ones are less sensitive than clear green ones...
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int darknessThreshold = 17000;
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||||
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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||||
// Watchdog interrupt flag — volatile because it is written in an ISR.
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||||
volatile bool f_wdt = true;
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// Interrupt Flag, should be volatile, means: read from RAM, not register
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// because registers are used for interrupt handling, it have to be volatile.
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||||
volatile boolean f_wdt = 1;
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||||
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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||||
// Forward declarations.
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||||
void setup_watchdog(uint8_t ii);
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void system_sleep();
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void configureUnusedPins();
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void releaseLedPins(int LED_N, int LED_P);
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||||
unsigned int sensDarkness(int LED_N, int LED_P);
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||||
void morse(int LED_N, int LED_P);
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||||
void dit(int LED_P);
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||||
void dah(int LED_P);
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||||
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||||
// ===========================================================================
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||||
// Setup watchdog
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||||
// 0=16ms, 1=32ms,2=64ms,3=128ms,4=250ms,5=500ms
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||||
// 6=1 sec,7=2 sec, 8=4 sec, 9= 8sec
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||||
// Setup
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||||
// ===========================================================================
|
||||
void setup()
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||||
{
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||||
setup_watchdog(9);
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||||
// Disable unused peripherals immediately to save power.
|
||||
// PRTIM1, PRUSI: unused, safe to gate off.
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||||
// PRADC: ADC is not used; LED sensing is done with digitalRead().
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||||
// PRTIM0: must stay ON while awake because delay() depends on Timer0.
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||||
PRR = (1 << PRTIM1) | (1 << PRUSI) | (1 << PRADC);
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||||
|
||||
// ADC off. It is not needed for digitalRead()-based LED sensing.
|
||||
cbi(ADCSRA, ADEN);
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||||
|
||||
// Analog comparator off. Saves a little sleep current.
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||||
ACSR |= (1 << ACD);
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||||
|
||||
configureUnusedPins();
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releaseLedPins(LED1_N_SIDE, LED1_P_SIDE);
|
||||
|
||||
setup_watchdog(9); // 8-second watchdog interval.
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||||
}
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||||
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||||
// ===========================================================================
|
||||
// Main
|
||||
// Main loop
|
||||
// ===========================================================================
|
||||
void loop()
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||||
{
|
||||
if (f_wdt) {
|
||||
f_wdt = false;
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||||
|
||||
void loop(){
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||||
|
||||
if (f_wdt==1) { // wait for timed out watchdog
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||||
// flag is set when a watchdog timeout occurs
|
||||
f_wdt=0; // reset flag
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||||
|
||||
// if it's dark enough [>darknesThreshold] morse
|
||||
if (sensDarkness(LED1_N_SIDE, LED1_P_SIDE) > darknessThreshold){
|
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// looks like it's dark, so do your job
|
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if (sensDarkness(LED1_N_SIDE, LED1_P_SIDE) > darknessThreshold) {
|
||||
morse(LED1_N_SIDE, LED1_P_SIDE);
|
||||
}
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||||
|
||||
// Return LED pins to high-Z before sleeping.
|
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// Internal pullups stay disabled for the LED pins.
|
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releaseLedPins(LED1_N_SIDE, LED1_P_SIDE);
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}
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||||
// set all used port to intput to save power
|
||||
pinMode(LED1_N_SIDE,INPUT);
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pinMode(LED1_P_SIDE,INPUT);
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system_sleep();
|
||||
f_wdt=0; // 2nd time sleep
|
||||
|
||||
// Test setup: 1 x 8 s sleep.
|
||||
// Final setup: set sleepCycles = 4 for about 32 s.
|
||||
for (uint8_t i = 0; i < sleepCycles; i++) {
|
||||
system_sleep();
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// ===========================================================================
|
||||
// Subroutines for Sleeping
|
||||
// Pin helpers
|
||||
// ===========================================================================
|
||||
// set system into the sleep state
|
||||
// system wakes up when wtchdog is timed out
|
||||
void system_sleep() {
|
||||
cbi(ADCSRA,ADEN); // switch Analog to
|
||||
// Digitalconverter OFF
|
||||
void configureUnusedPins()
|
||||
{
|
||||
pinMode(UNUSED_PIN_0, INPUT_PULLUP);
|
||||
pinMode(UNUSED_PIN_1, INPUT_PULLUP);
|
||||
pinMode(UNUSED_PIN_2, INPUT_PULLUP);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
set_sleep_mode(SLEEP_MODE_PWR_DOWN); // sleep mode is set here
|
||||
void releaseLedPins(int LED_N, int LED_P)
|
||||
{
|
||||
// digitalWrite LOW before INPUT disables the internal pullup on Arduino cores.
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED_N, LOW);
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED_P, LOW);
|
||||
pinMode(LED_N, INPUT);
|
||||
pinMode(LED_P, INPUT);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// ===========================================================================
|
||||
// Sleep helpers
|
||||
// ===========================================================================
|
||||
void system_sleep()
|
||||
{
|
||||
// Reset watchdog counter so each sleep cycle starts with a fresh interval.
|
||||
wdt_reset();
|
||||
|
||||
set_sleep_mode(SLEEP_MODE_PWR_DOWN);
|
||||
|
||||
// Atomic sleep entry pattern.
|
||||
// After sei(), AVR executes the next instruction before servicing interrupts,
|
||||
// so sleep_cpu() is not skipped by a just-pending interrupt.
|
||||
cli();
|
||||
sleep_enable();
|
||||
sei();
|
||||
sleep_cpu();
|
||||
|
||||
sleep_mode(); // System sleeps here
|
||||
|
||||
sleep_disable(); // System continues execution here when
|
||||
// watchdog timed out
|
||||
sbi(ADCSRA,ADEN); // switch Analog to Digitalconverter ON
|
||||
// WDT interrupt wakes the CPU here.
|
||||
sleep_disable();
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
// Setup for watchdog. Parameter ii for sleeping time:
|
||||
// 0 = 16ms, 1 = 32ms, 2 = 64ms,
|
||||
// 3 = 128ms, 4 = 250ms, 5 = 500ms
|
||||
// 6 = 1 sec, 7 = 2 sec, 8 = 4 sec,
|
||||
// 9 = 8 sec
|
||||
void setup_watchdog(int ii) {
|
||||
// Watchdog setup - ii selects timeout:
|
||||
// 0=16ms 1=32ms 2=64ms 3=128ms 4=250ms 5=500ms
|
||||
// 6=1s 7=2s 8=4s 9=8s
|
||||
void setup_watchdog(uint8_t ii)
|
||||
{
|
||||
if (ii > 9) ii = 9;
|
||||
|
||||
byte bb;
|
||||
int ww;
|
||||
if (ii > 9 ) ii=9;
|
||||
bb=ii & 7;
|
||||
if (ii > 7) bb|= (1<<5);
|
||||
bb|= (1<<WDCE);
|
||||
ww=bb;
|
||||
uint8_t bb = ii & 7;
|
||||
if (ii > 7) bb |= (1 << WDP3);
|
||||
|
||||
MCUSR &= ~(1<<WDRF);
|
||||
uint8_t oldSREG = SREG;
|
||||
cli();
|
||||
|
||||
WDTCR |= (1<<WDCE) | (1<<WDE); // start timed sequence
|
||||
wdt_reset();
|
||||
MCUSR &= ~(1 << WDRF);
|
||||
|
||||
WDTCR = bb; // set new watchdog timeout value
|
||||
WDTCR |= _BV(WDIE);
|
||||
}
|
||||
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
// Watchdog Interrupt Service / is executed when watchdog timed out
|
||||
ISR(WDT_vect) {
|
||||
f_wdt=1; // set global flag
|
||||
// Timed sequence: enable configuration change, then set interrupt-only WDT.
|
||||
WDTCR |= (1 << WDCE) | (1 << WDE);
|
||||
WDTCR = bb | (1 << WDIE);
|
||||
|
||||
SREG = oldSREG;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// =============================================================================
|
||||
// Subroutines for light sensor
|
||||
// =============================================================================
|
||||
// Function sensDarkness
|
||||
// Usage: sensDarkness(Pin-No. N-Side of LED, Pin-No. P-Side of LED):
|
||||
// will result "darkness-level" - the higher the darker:
|
||||
// 30000 = pitch black
|
||||
// 0 = sunshine
|
||||
int sensDarkness(int LED_N, int LED_P){
|
||||
ISR(WDT_vect)
|
||||
{
|
||||
f_wdt = true;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
unsigned int i; //Parameter bleed-out LED capacitor
|
||||
// ===========================================================================
|
||||
// Light sensor
|
||||
// ===========================================================================
|
||||
// Returns a "darkness level": higher = darker.
|
||||
// Charges the LED junction capacitance, then times how long it takes to bleed
|
||||
// back through the reverse-biased LED until the input reads LOW.
|
||||
// ~30000 = pitch black, ~0 = bright light
|
||||
unsigned int sensDarkness(int LED_N, int LED_P)
|
||||
{
|
||||
unsigned int i;
|
||||
|
||||
// charge the capacitor of LED
|
||||
pinMode(LED_N,OUTPUT);
|
||||
pinMode(LED_P,OUTPUT);
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED_N,HIGH);
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED_P,LOW);
|
||||
// Charge the LED junction capacitance.
|
||||
pinMode(LED_N, OUTPUT);
|
||||
pinMode(LED_P, OUTPUT);
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED_N, HIGH);
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED_P, LOW);
|
||||
|
||||
// Isolate the N end of the diode and turn off internal pull-up resistor
|
||||
pinMode(LED_N,INPUT);
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED_N,LOW);
|
||||
// Let the N-side float and measure bleed-down time.
|
||||
pinMode(LED_N, INPUT);
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED_N, LOW); // disable internal pullup
|
||||
|
||||
// Count how long it takes the diode to bleed back down to a logic zero
|
||||
for ( i = 0; i < 30000; i++) {
|
||||
if ( digitalRead(LED_N)==0) break;
|
||||
for (i = 0; i < 30000; i++) {
|
||||
if (digitalRead(LED_N) == LOW) break;
|
||||
}
|
||||
// thats it, return result
|
||||
|
||||
// Clean up after sensing: both LED pins low, then caller releases them.
|
||||
pinMode(LED_N, OUTPUT);
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED_N, LOW);
|
||||
pinMode(LED_P, OUTPUT);
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED_P, LOW);
|
||||
|
||||
return i;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// =============================================================================
|
||||
// Subroutines for morse text
|
||||
// =============================================================================
|
||||
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
// Function dit = ".", a dit is as long as a unitLength, used in morse()
|
||||
//
|
||||
void dit(int LED_P){
|
||||
digitalWrite( LED_P, HIGH ); delay( unitLength );
|
||||
digitalWrite( LED_P, LOW ); delay( unitLength );
|
||||
// ===========================================================================
|
||||
// Morse helpers
|
||||
// ===========================================================================
|
||||
void dit(int LED_P)
|
||||
{
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED_P, HIGH);
|
||||
delay(unitLength);
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED_P, LOW);
|
||||
delay(unitLength);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
// Function dah = "-", a dah is as long as a 3*unitLength
|
||||
//
|
||||
void dah(int LED_P){
|
||||
digitalWrite( LED_P, HIGH ); delay( unitLength*3 );
|
||||
digitalWrite( LED_P, LOW ); delay( unitLength );
|
||||
void dah(int LED_P)
|
||||
{
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED_P, HIGH);
|
||||
delay(unitLength * 3);
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED_P, LOW);
|
||||
delay(unitLength);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
// Function morse:
|
||||
// hand over text and LED Pins
|
||||
// because you want to use more than one LED hand over also LED Pins
|
||||
// ===========================================================================
|
||||
// Morse sender
|
||||
// ===========================================================================
|
||||
void morse(int LED_N, int LED_P)
|
||||
{
|
||||
pinMode(LED_N, OUTPUT);
|
||||
pinMode(LED_P, OUTPUT);
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED_N, LOW);
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED_P, LOW);
|
||||
|
||||
void morse(int LED_N, int LED_P){
|
||||
const size_t len = strlen_P(morseText);
|
||||
|
||||
// Because I have more Flash than RAM I decided to use a case structure.
|
||||
// Its not so pretty, but I can use the RAM to hold my morseText.
|
||||
//
|
||||
// set N-Side of LED Low, so you can set P-side high to let them flash
|
||||
for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {
|
||||
char c = (char)pgm_read_byte(&morseText[i]);
|
||||
|
||||
pinMode( LED_N, OUTPUT);
|
||||
pinMode( LED_P, OUTPUT);
|
||||
|
||||
digitalWrite( LED_N, LOW);
|
||||
|
||||
// send it to defined LED
|
||||
for(int i=0; i<=morseText.length(); i++)
|
||||
{
|
||||
switch( morseText[i] )
|
||||
{
|
||||
|
||||
// Chars A-Z
|
||||
case 'A': // .-
|
||||
dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case 'B': // -...
|
||||
dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case 'C': // -.-.
|
||||
dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case 'D': // -..
|
||||
dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case 'E': // .
|
||||
dit(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case 'F': // ..-.
|
||||
dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case 'G': // --.
|
||||
dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case 'H': // ....
|
||||
dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case 'I': // ..
|
||||
dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case 'J': // .---
|
||||
dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case 'K': // .-.-
|
||||
dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case 'L': // .-..
|
||||
dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case 'M': // --
|
||||
dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case 'N': // -.
|
||||
dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case 'O': // ---
|
||||
dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case 'P': // .--.
|
||||
dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case 'Q': // --.-
|
||||
dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case 'R': // .-.
|
||||
dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case 'S': // ...
|
||||
dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case 'T': // -
|
||||
dah(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case 'U': // ..-
|
||||
dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case 'V': // ...-
|
||||
dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case 'W': // .--
|
||||
dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case 'X': // -..-
|
||||
dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case 'Y': // -.--
|
||||
dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case 'Z': // --..
|
||||
dah(LED_P);dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
// Numbers
|
||||
case '1': // .----
|
||||
dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case '2': // ..---
|
||||
dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case '3': // ...--
|
||||
dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case '4': // ....-
|
||||
dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case '5': // .....
|
||||
dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case '6': // -....
|
||||
dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case '7': // --...
|
||||
dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case '8': // ---..
|
||||
dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case '9': // ----.
|
||||
dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case '0': // -----
|
||||
dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
// Special Signs
|
||||
case ' ': // Gap
|
||||
delay( unitLength*5 );
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case '.': // .-.-.-
|
||||
dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case ',': // --..--
|
||||
dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case '?': // ..--..
|
||||
dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case '!': // -.-.--
|
||||
dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case ':': // ---...
|
||||
dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case ';': // -.-.-.
|
||||
dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case '(': // -.--.
|
||||
dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case ')': // -.--.-
|
||||
dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case '"': // .-..-.
|
||||
dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case '@': // .--.-.
|
||||
dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
case '&': // .-...
|
||||
dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P);
|
||||
// Allow lowercase source text without silently breaking timing.
|
||||
if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') {
|
||||
c = c - 'a' + 'A';
|
||||
}
|
||||
// wait at end of sign
|
||||
delay( unitLength*3 );
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
// That's all, folks :-)
|
||||
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
bool symbolSent = false;
|
||||
|
||||
switch (c)
|
||||
{
|
||||
// ----- Letters -----
|
||||
case 'A': dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // .-
|
||||
case 'B': dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // -...
|
||||
case 'C': dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // -.-.
|
||||
case 'D': dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // -..
|
||||
case 'E': dit(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // .
|
||||
case 'F': dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // ..-.
|
||||
case 'G': dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // --.
|
||||
case 'H': dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // ....
|
||||
case 'I': dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // ..
|
||||
case 'J': dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // .---
|
||||
case 'K': dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // -.-
|
||||
case 'L': dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // .-..
|
||||
case 'M': dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // --
|
||||
case 'N': dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // -.
|
||||
case 'O': dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // ---
|
||||
case 'P': dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // .--.
|
||||
case 'Q': dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // --.-
|
||||
case 'R': dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // .-.
|
||||
case 'S': dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // ...
|
||||
case 'T': dah(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // -
|
||||
case 'U': dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // ..-
|
||||
case 'V': dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // ...-
|
||||
case 'W': dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // .--
|
||||
case 'X': dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // -..-
|
||||
case 'Y': dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // -.--
|
||||
case 'Z': dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // --..
|
||||
|
||||
// ----- Digits -----
|
||||
case '1': dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // .----
|
||||
case '2': dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // ..---
|
||||
case '3': dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // ...--
|
||||
case '4': dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // ....-
|
||||
case '5': dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // .....
|
||||
case '6': dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // -....
|
||||
case '7': dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // --...
|
||||
case '8': dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // ---..
|
||||
case '9': dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // ----.
|
||||
case '0': dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // -----
|
||||
|
||||
// ----- Punctuation -----
|
||||
case '.': dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // .-.-.-
|
||||
case ',': dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // --..--
|
||||
case '?': dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // ..--..
|
||||
case '!': dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // -.-.--
|
||||
case ':': dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // ---...
|
||||
case ';': dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // -.-.-.
|
||||
case '(': dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // -.--.
|
||||
case ')': dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // -.--.-
|
||||
case '"': dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // .-..-.
|
||||
case '@': dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // .--.-.
|
||||
case '&': dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); symbolSent = true; break; // .-...
|
||||
|
||||
// Space handling:
|
||||
// Previous symbol already ended with 1 unit OFF and then received the
|
||||
// normal 2 unit character gap. Add 4 units here -> total word gap 7 units.
|
||||
case ' ':
|
||||
delay(unitLength * 4);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
// Unsupported chars are ignored without adding an artificial gap.
|
||||
default:
|
||||
break;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Inter-character gap: 3 units total.
|
||||
// dit()/dah() already trail 1 unit OFF, so add the remaining 2 units.
|
||||
if (symbolSent) {
|
||||
delay(unitLength * 2);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED_P, LOW);
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED_N, LOW);
|
||||
}
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,311 @@
|
||||
/*
|
||||
=============================================================================
|
||||
FireFly Morse Throwie
|
||||
- a light controlled (LED as Sensor) morse blinker throwie with ATTiny85
|
||||
=============================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
Project definitions, sources
|
||||
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
Version: 0.2 - ATTiny85, 1 MHz, BOD fuse disabled
|
||||
gitea : https://gitea.togo-lab.io/tgohle/0001-FireFly
|
||||
Date : 2026-06-13
|
||||
|
||||
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
Inspired by Karl Lunt's FireFly project:
|
||||
http://www.seanet.com/~karllunt/fireflyLED.html
|
||||
|
||||
Morse code reference:
|
||||
'A', ".-" 'B', "-..." 'C', "-.-."
|
||||
'D', "-.." 'E', "." 'F', "..-."
|
||||
'G', "--." 'H', "...." 'I', ".."
|
||||
'J', ".---" 'K', "-.-" 'L', ".-.."
|
||||
'M', "--" 'N', "-." 'O', "---"
|
||||
'P', ".--." 'Q', "--.-" 'R', ".-."
|
||||
'S', "..." 'T', "-" 'U', "..-"
|
||||
'V', "...-" 'W', ".--" 'X', "-..-"
|
||||
'Y', "-.--" 'Z', "--.."
|
||||
|
||||
'1', ".----" '2', "..---" '3', "...--"
|
||||
'4', "....-" '5', "....." '6', "-...."
|
||||
'7', "--..." '8', "---.." '9', "----."
|
||||
'0', "-----"
|
||||
|
||||
'.', ".-.-.-" ',', "--..--" '?', "..--.."
|
||||
'!', "-.-.--" ':', "---..." ';', "-.-.-."
|
||||
'(', "-.--." ')', "-.--.-" '"', ".-..-."
|
||||
'@', ".--.-." '&', ".-..."
|
||||
|
||||
Legal stuff / Copyright:
|
||||
License_-_CC_BY-NC_4.0
|
||||
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
|
||||
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
*/
|
||||
|
||||
#include <avr/sleep.h>
|
||||
#include <avr/wdt.h>
|
||||
#include <avr/pgmspace.h> // FIX 3: needed for PROGMEM / pgm_read_byte
|
||||
|
||||
#ifndef cbi
|
||||
#define cbi(sfr, bit) (_SFR_BYTE(sfr) &= ~_BV(bit))
|
||||
#endif
|
||||
#ifndef sbi
|
||||
#define sbi(sfr, bit) (_SFR_BYTE(sfr) |= _BV(bit))
|
||||
#endif
|
||||
|
||||
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
// Timing: unit length in ms.
|
||||
// At 1 MHz, delay() is accurate when F_CPU=1000000L is set in boards.txt.
|
||||
// 100 ms gives readable optical Morse; raise to 150 if readability is poor.
|
||||
#define unitLength 100
|
||||
|
||||
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
// LED pin definitions (N-side = cathode, P-side = anode for sensing/driving)
|
||||
#define LED1_N_SIDE 3
|
||||
#define LED1_P_SIDE 4
|
||||
|
||||
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
// ATTiny85 has 512 bytes SRAM; this frees all of it for the stack.
|
||||
// Only uppercase letters, digits, and the special chars in the switch below.
|
||||
// Test only: 20 x "0" due 0 = "-----" most energy draining
|
||||
const char morseText[] PROGMEM = "0000000000000000000";
|
||||
// Ruler: 0...0....1...1....2 Attention: more Text
|
||||
// Ruler: 1...5....0...5....0 will cost more power!
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
// Darkness threshold.
|
||||
// Higher value = triggers in brighter conditions.
|
||||
// Best calibrated at actual dusk/dawn with the chosen LED type.
|
||||
unsigned int darknessThreshold = 17000;
|
||||
|
||||
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
// Watchdog interrupt flag — volatile because it is written in an ISR
|
||||
volatile boolean f_wdt = 1;
|
||||
|
||||
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
// Forward declarations
|
||||
void setup_watchdog(int ii);
|
||||
void system_sleep();
|
||||
unsigned int sensDarkness(int LED_N, int LED_P);
|
||||
void morse(int LED_N, int LED_P);
|
||||
void dit(int LED_P);
|
||||
void dah(int LED_P);
|
||||
|
||||
// ===========================================================================
|
||||
// Setup
|
||||
// ===========================================================================
|
||||
void setup()
|
||||
{
|
||||
// Disable unused peripherals immediately to save some µ/mA.
|
||||
// PRTIM1, PRUSI: genuinely unused, safe to gate off
|
||||
// PRADC: controlled manually around sensDarkness()
|
||||
// PRTIM0: must stay ON — delay() and millis() depend on Timer0
|
||||
PRR = (1 << PRTIM1) | (1 << PRUSI) | (1 << PRADC);
|
||||
|
||||
// ADC is gated via PRR above; also clear ADEN just in case
|
||||
cbi(ADCSRA, ADEN);
|
||||
|
||||
setup_watchdog(9); // 8-second watchdog interval
|
||||
// simple repeat if more delay is need, eg 4
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// ===========================================================================
|
||||
// Main loop
|
||||
// ===========================================================================
|
||||
void loop()
|
||||
{
|
||||
if (f_wdt == 1) {
|
||||
f_wdt = 0;
|
||||
|
||||
// Enable ADC only for the sensing window, then shut it off again.
|
||||
cbi(PRR, PRADC); // un-gate ADC clock
|
||||
sbi(ADCSRA, ADEN); // power ADC on
|
||||
|
||||
if (sensDarkness(LED1_N_SIDE, LED1_P_SIDE) > darknessThreshold) {
|
||||
morse(LED1_N_SIDE, LED1_P_SIDE);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
cbi(ADCSRA, ADEN); // ADC off
|
||||
sbi(PRR, PRADC); // re-gate ADC clock
|
||||
|
||||
// Return LED pins to input (high-Z) before sleeping
|
||||
pinMode(LED1_N_SIDE, INPUT);
|
||||
pinMode(LED1_P_SIDE, INPUT);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// sleep 4 x 8 s = ~32 s between activations
|
||||
for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 1; i++) {
|
||||
system_sleep();
|
||||
}
|
||||
// f_wdt is set to 1 by the WDT ISR when the 8 s expire; no manual clear needed here.
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// ===========================================================================
|
||||
// Sleep helpers
|
||||
// ===========================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
void system_sleep()
|
||||
{
|
||||
set_sleep_mode(SLEEP_MODE_PWR_DOWN);
|
||||
sleep_enable();
|
||||
sleep_mode(); // CPU halts here until WDT fires
|
||||
sleep_disable();
|
||||
// ADC stays off - re-enable it in loop() only when sensing
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Watchdog setup - ii selects timeout:
|
||||
// 0=16ms 1=32ms 2=64ms 3=128ms 4=250ms 5=500ms
|
||||
// 6=1s 7=2s 8=4s 9=8s
|
||||
void setup_watchdog(int ii)
|
||||
{
|
||||
byte bb;
|
||||
if (ii > 9) ii = 9;
|
||||
bb = ii & 7;
|
||||
if (ii > 7) bb |= (1 << 5);
|
||||
bb |= (1 << WDCE);
|
||||
|
||||
MCUSR &= ~(1 << WDRF);
|
||||
WDTCR |= (1 << WDCE) | (1 << WDE); // timed sequence - must not be split
|
||||
WDTCR = bb;
|
||||
WDTCR |= _BV(WDIE);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
ISR(WDT_vect)
|
||||
{
|
||||
f_wdt = 1;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// ===========================================================================
|
||||
// Light sensor
|
||||
// ===========================================================================
|
||||
// Returns a "darkness level": higher = darker.
|
||||
// Charges the LED junction capacitor, then times how long it takes to bleed
|
||||
// back through the reverse-biased diode to a logic LOW.
|
||||
// ~30000 = pitch black, ~0 = bright light
|
||||
|
||||
// return type is unsigned int (counter can reach 30000, fits in 16 bits)
|
||||
unsigned int sensDarkness(int LED_N, int LED_P)
|
||||
{
|
||||
unsigned int i;
|
||||
|
||||
// Charge the LED (forward-bias momentarily)
|
||||
pinMode(LED_N, OUTPUT);
|
||||
pinMode(LED_P, OUTPUT);
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED_N, HIGH);
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED_P, LOW);
|
||||
|
||||
// Let the N-end float and measure bleed-down time
|
||||
pinMode(LED_N, INPUT);
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED_N, LOW); // disable internal pull-up
|
||||
|
||||
for (i = 0; i < 30000; i++) {
|
||||
if (digitalRead(LED_N) == 0) break;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// clean up after sensing
|
||||
pinMode(LED_N, OUTPUT);
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED_N, LOW);
|
||||
pinMode(LED_P, OUTPUT);
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED_P, LOW);
|
||||
return i;
|
||||
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// ===========================================================================
|
||||
// Morse helpers
|
||||
// ===========================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
void dit(int LED_P)
|
||||
{
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED_P, HIGH); delay(unitLength);
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED_P, LOW); delay(unitLength);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
void dah(int LED_P)
|
||||
{
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED_P, HIGH); delay(unitLength * 3);
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED_P, LOW); delay(unitLength);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// ===========================================================================
|
||||
// Morse sender
|
||||
// ===========================================================================
|
||||
void morse(int LED_N, int LED_P)
|
||||
{
|
||||
pinMode(LED_N, OUTPUT);
|
||||
pinMode(LED_P, OUTPUT);
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED_N, LOW);
|
||||
|
||||
// read each character from flash with pgm_read_byte()
|
||||
// use < morseText length, not <= (avoids reading past the null terminator)
|
||||
uint8_t len = strlen_P(morseText);
|
||||
for (uint8_t i = 0; i < len; i++)
|
||||
{
|
||||
char c = (char)pgm_read_byte(&morseText[i]);
|
||||
|
||||
switch (c)
|
||||
{
|
||||
// ----- Letters -----
|
||||
case 'A': dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); break; // .-
|
||||
case 'B': dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); break; // -...
|
||||
case 'C': dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); break; // -.-.
|
||||
case 'D': dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); break; // -..
|
||||
case 'E': dit(LED_P); break; // .
|
||||
case 'F': dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); break; // ..-.
|
||||
case 'G': dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); break; // --.
|
||||
case 'H': dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); break; // ....
|
||||
case 'I': dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); break; // ..
|
||||
case 'J': dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); break; // .---
|
||||
case 'K': dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); break; // -.-
|
||||
case 'L': dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); break; // .-..
|
||||
case 'M': dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); break; // --
|
||||
case 'N': dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); break; // -.
|
||||
case 'O': dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); break; // ---
|
||||
case 'P': dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); break; // .--.
|
||||
case 'Q': dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); break; // --.-
|
||||
case 'R': dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); break; // .-.
|
||||
case 'S': dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); break; // ...
|
||||
case 'T': dah(LED_P); break; // -
|
||||
case 'U': dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); break; // ..-
|
||||
case 'V': dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); break; // ...-
|
||||
case 'W': dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); break; // .--
|
||||
case 'X': dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); break; // -..-
|
||||
case 'Y': dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); break; // -.--
|
||||
case 'Z': dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); break; // --..
|
||||
|
||||
// ----- Digits -----
|
||||
case '1': dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); break; // .----
|
||||
case '2': dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); break; // ..---
|
||||
case '3': dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); break; // ...--
|
||||
case '4': dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); break; // ....-
|
||||
case '5': dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); break; // .....
|
||||
case '6': dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); break; // -....
|
||||
case '7': dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); break; // --...
|
||||
case '8': dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); break; // ---.
|
||||
case '9': dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); break; // ----.
|
||||
case '0': dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); break; // -----
|
||||
|
||||
// ----- Punctuation -----
|
||||
case ' ': delay(unitLength * 5); break; // word gap (5 + 3 = 8 units total)
|
||||
case '.': dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); break; // .-.-.-
|
||||
case ',': dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); break; // --..--
|
||||
case '?': dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); break; // ..--..
|
||||
case '!': dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); break; // -.-.--
|
||||
case ':': dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); break; // ---...
|
||||
case ';': dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); break; // -.-.-.
|
||||
case '(': dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); break; // -.--.
|
||||
case ')': dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); break; // -.--.-
|
||||
case '"': dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); break; // .-..-.
|
||||
case '@': dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); break; // .--.-.
|
||||
case '&': dit(LED_P); dah(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); dit(LED_P); break; // .-...
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Inter-character gap: 3 units (the dit/dah functions already trail 1 unit,
|
||||
// so this adds the remaining 2 to reach the standard 3-unit gap).
|
||||
// Space case already handles word gap - no extra delay needed there.
|
||||
if (c != ' ') {
|
||||
delay(unitLength * 2);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user